Step 1-

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Conception

The definition of a new service usually starts with a brainstorming exercise for gathering ideas by screening research products, routine procedures and best practice technologies that might be interesting for out-scaling, such as scalable technologies or training courses.  rvice such as scalable technologies and training material  and best practice examples that might be he initial stage when experts. To keep it simple and to evaluate the potential benefit for service providers and beneficiaries is key.

Step 2 - General description of service

The description should comprise the following points:

Name of the service

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: The name should indicate the product that is delivered to the final beneficiary

Justification / Problem statementRationale: Information that justifies the investment. It describes the problem that the service addresses in the context of the goal of the action.

Objective / Purpose: Explaining how the service will contribute to the solution of the problem and what effect it will have on the performance of the action.Target group: List of primary and secondary beneficiaries.

Primary beneficiary: The individual to whom the service will be delivered and who is entitled to make request for service. Selection criteria must be indicated.

OutputsOutputs / Products: List of measurable and tangible results (e.g. products & services) and to whom they that are delivered (see target group)to the requester.

Beneficiaries / Expected Outcomes: List of expected outcomes for the various stakeholders that are considered in the action (e.g. all actors in the innovation system) and secondary effects.

Performance indicators: List of indicators for assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the service in quantitative and qualitative terms.

primary and secondary beneficiaries with a corresponding list of expected outcomes.

Requester: Selection criteria for the identification of the persons who are entitled to make a request, to whom the service will be delivered and who will evaluate the product.

Price: The cost of the serviceBudget: Total budget available

Step 3 - Define a

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work-flow

Services consist of a set of subsequent tasks that are organised in a work-flow towards a specific output. It is recommended to start at the end to assure a clear focus on the result. To make sure From experience it is best to start from the end They require the involvement of various agents with complementary skills. Each task includes one or several activities that are carried out by a single agent without having to interact with another agent. All services must comprise four basic tasks: 1. the publication of the request, 2. the publication of the response and 3. the publication of the results of the evaluation by the primary beneficiary and 4. controlling. Controlling includes monitoring of progress,  up-dating of the accounting  and payment of agents. To ensure the quality of the information and fairness, it is advisable to entrust these basic tasks to people who take no other tasks in the work process.It is recommended to start from the end and to think of the last task first in order to keep a clear focus on the result. 

Step 4 - Definition of tasks

All tasks are defined according to the following structure:

- Activities: Description of the activities that have to be carried out by a task manager.

- Deliverable & Proof : It is the description list of results of the result of a task that is are handed over to the next task manager within a work-flow. The description must specify the results / products Deliverables must be specified in quantitative and qualitative terms.
- Proof: The evidence that the result was delivered indication the For each deliverable source of verification . This is usually a link to a information system on the internet must be indicated.  

- AgentService provider & Skills : The person or organization that carries out the task. For each agent task the required professional and social skills must be defined.

- Expenses: Detailed quantification of resources that are required on average to carry out the task  (e.g. working hours, material, consumables, transport, …).

- Duration: Time during which the task must be completed.

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Further forms might be required for the gathering of additional data and information.

Step 7 -

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Pricing of services

Costing Pricing of voucher services is a strategic exercise. A reasonable cost-benefit ratio and transparency of costing pricing that justifies investments is of critical importance for sustainability and up-scaling. The services must be affordable for actors in the local economy. Costing Pricing of services should result in a good balance between motivation of the involved service providers on the one hand and affordability of services for the beneficiaries on the other hand. Pricing is done in negotiation with concerned service providers.

Pricing Costing of services is carried out in four steps:

1. Determine Gather local prices: It is a list of A list is elaborated with the prices of all cost items that need to be considered that are gathered in the country or region where the project operatesgoods and services that are required to carry out the activities. It is an open list that is extended according to need.

2. Costing Pricing of a tasks: This is done in a three step negotiation with concerned service providers. First the required the resources are estimated It starts with the estimation of the resources that are required on average to complete a task by indicating the number of units for each cost item. Theirafter the cost are determined by a simple multiplication of the number of units with the prices for each line item. Considering that many of the various cost items. The cost of a task is then In a second step the  that are required by specifying the number of  Together with service providers In a first step the number of units that are required The cost of a is done in two steps services: Calculation of the cost of the various tasks by a simple multiplication of prices and expenses, which were quantified in step 2. The cost of a service is equal to the sum of the costs of tasks of a specific service.

The costs for the different tasks and services that are defined during this process will be valid throughout the project period.

Step 6 - Optimisation

of the required goods and services. The estimated quantities are multiplied with the corresponding prices and added to calculate the price of a task.

4. Define payment schedule: Since many service providers are poor, two cases are distinguished:

Case 1 - Tasks below 100€: The total amount minus the premium is paid upon delivery. All activities are pre-financed by the service provider. The premium is paid at the end of the service period as defined by the quality management procedures.

Case 2 - Tasks equal or above 100€: An advanced payment is made and the rest is paid upon delivery. At most the advance is equal to total cost of a task minus the cost for the honorarium and the premium. The honorarium is only paid on delivery. The premium is paid at the end of the service period.

The premium is paid according to the procedures defined in Step 8.

5. Define quality premium: This is a percentage of the In support of quality a premium and is defined for each task.

3. Pricing of a service: The price of a service is the sum of the tasks.

Step 8 - Quality management

For all task quality criteria and control procedures are defined. The procedure includes procedures for the payment of a premium for high quality services.

Step 9 - Optimisation

Work-flows are optimised in an iterative and participatory Workflows are optimised in an iterative process with the aim to improve the effectiveness and to lower the cost, while considering the principles of the RUN business model.